Wednesday, April 27, 2011

Wikileaks: Child soldiers became prisoners-children

The evaluation reports prepared by interrogators at Guantanamo are revealed by Wikileaks shows that among the dozens of detainees arrived at Guantanamo Bay while they were still minors, many were directly classified as "enemy combatants" and thus treated as adults and detained indefinitely. This attitude is consistent with the American judicial tradition: until 2010 in various states, a criminal under 16 years could be sentenced to life imprisonment without possibility of early release, even if he had killed anyone.

This practice was banned in 2010 by the Supreme Court, minors convicted of murder are not affected by this decision. In 2011, they are nearly 2500 in American prisons. Sometimes the interrogators at Guantanamo have neither evidence nor a confession, but based on contradictory statements and denunciations of other prisoners, they deduce that the young inmate tion, or conceals part of his life.

It is then seen as "showing deception during interrogations." By itself, this qualification can justify the indefinite retention at Guantanamo. Some teens readily acknowledge having fought the coalition forces in Afghanistan, and worked for the Taliban or Al Qaeda. Interviewers appreciate their frankness, while refusing to consider their young age as a mitigating circumstance, even though they recognize that in communities where these boys grew up, obedience to elders is the only conduct imaginable.

In April, the 172 detainees still imprisoned at Guantanamo, about twenty were "teenagers" on arrival. The youngest is called Ahmed Omar Kadr, a Canadian citizen of Pakistani origin, born in Toronto in September 1986. Interrogators spoke extensively about his case. According to them, Omar is from a family of Islamists' close to Osama bin Laden.

" When he was sent to Afghanistan in June 2002 to fight against the United States, he is 15 and a half. He participated in combat for a few weeks, but by July he was wounded and taken prisoner. Without providing formal proof, the Americans accuse him of throwing a grenade that had killed one of their soldiers.

He was transferred to Guantanamo in October 2002, shortly after his 16th birthday, "because of his role in the death of the soldier and his affiliation with Al Qaeda." In 2004, interrogators noted that Omar is an intelligent and educated man "who understands the seriousness of his actions and affiliations," and has often been "cooperative and sincere." But they are also negative points "and has never expressed sincere remorse for the murder of the soldier," he became "increasingly hostile to his interrogators and his guards," and remained faithful "to its values Islamist extremists ".

In 2010, Omar Kadr is tried as an adult, despite protests from several organizations including the UN and Unicef. To avoid serving a sentence of forty years in prison, he pleaded guilty to "murder and attempted murder in violation of the laws of war, conspiracy, material support to a terrorist and espionage." It could be repatriated to Canada soon, but given the unwillingness of the Canadian government to recover, it is possible that in September 2011 he celebrated his twenty-fifth anniversary in Guantanamo.

In his misfortune, Omar has an advantage: thanks to his Canadian citizenship, his case was widely publicized in North America. More young prisoners are less known, and their chances of escape even slimmer. This is the case of Hassan Ali Bin Attash, who was born in 1985 in Saudi Arabia to a Yemeni father.

It would also have grown up in a family of militants close to al-Qaida. When sent to a training camp in Afghanistan in 1997, he was just 13 years. Therefore, it makes life hectic clandestine activists. He travels between Afghanistan, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, still under the control of his older brothers or older activists.

Arrested in Pakistan in September 2002, Ali Hassan bin Attash is delivered to the Americans who transfer to Jordan, where he remained sixteen months and he says he was tortured and then to Guantanamo. According to the evaluation report from 2008, it would be an explosives expert. Between 1997 and 2002, he "had knowledge" of preparing more attacks and a failed project to attack oil tankers in the Strait of Hormuz.

Aggravating circumstance, he met Osama bin Laden and would have sworn allegiance at a ceremony. Forgetting that at the material time he had between 13 and 17 years, Americans see him as a seasoned veteran, and even as a decision maker. In 2008, they still see him as a potential "high value".

They argue that if released he would be a "high risk for the United States and its interests." At the same time, his father was in jail in Saudi Arabia, two of his brothers had been killed in combat in Afghanistan, a third was in prison in Yemen, and a fourth was like him to Guantanamo.

In avril2011, he was still incarcerated. Sometimes, confusion about the date of birth make the reports a bit unreal. According to a paper in May 2008, Mohammed El-Gharani was born in Saudi Arabia to parents from Chad in 1981. Arrested in Pakistan in late 2001, he was handed over to U.S.

authorities in early 2002. Investigators then enumerate an impressive list of terrorist activities: Mr. El-Gharani to have belonged to an al-Qaeda based in London, then transported messages and materials in many countries, participated in the preparation of attacks suicide, fought in Tora Bora with the Taliban ...

Incidentally, interrogators say they have difficulty assessing the value of the inmate in terms of intelligence, "because of the lack of detail in his statements, and information from a single source, which has not been corroborated. " But other U.S. intelligence agencies, and various outside observers believe that he was born in 1986 or 1987: he would have conducted all these activities and responsibilities exercised all between 13 and 16 years ...

Mr. El-Gharani has always denied these accusations. In January 2009 a U.S. judge decides to release him, against the advice of the interrogators at Guantanamo, as the main charges against him were based on reports of detainees whose credibility was questioned by the investigators themselves.

He was transferred to Chad after five months, after seven and a half years of detention. Yves Eudes Article published in the edition of 27.04.11

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