Wednesday, March 2, 2011

The bombing of Afghanistan and the rebuilding

Italy mourns yet another victim of the Taliban mujahideen, the lieutenant of the Alpine Massimo Ranzani. There are also wounded four Italian boys, who were on board the vehicle of the lieutenant, a VTLM Lynx, blown in a column of thirteen others as he returned after a military operation in the district of Adar Sang, in western Afghanistan.

The number of attacks caused by explosive bombs placed on roads in 2010 has exceeded 14,000, while 8000 were in 2008. Moreover, as they always did, the Taliban leave the Western ISAF and Operation Enduring Freedom Afghanistan conquered positions, but recovered to resume after a few months with the so-called "spring offensive".

It is reported that the March 1 attack by insurgents killed a NATO soldier in southern Afghanistan. In the east of the country other bombs killed two members of the coalition troops, even if you do not yet have details on their identity and nationality. The task of giving this information lies with the countries belonging to the military.

Since the beginning of this year, 68 NATO soldiers have already been killed, including 36 in February. Last year was the worst of the nine years of occupation by Western forces, with 701 deaths. The Taliban groups have been strongly specialized in the various insurgency operations also militarily, managing to gain ground gradually.

The level of security of the country has never been so low. The new religion of counterinsurgency, COIN said in military terms, has proved to be a loser. The basic principle of COIN, the actions taken by the government that is recognized to contain or counter the rebel forces, is that victory is achieved by protecting the local population and destroying the power they have on it the rebel forces.

Kill the Taliban would only be secondary. The first objective of the United States is now the "nation building", building a political and economic system and civil and administrative infrastructure in the country. What with the war in Iraq was put aside. But after nine years of presence on Afghan soil is evident that the population has developed a culture of dependency.

Be wary of Americans and Westerners in general, both the Taliban, most of the population from the political to the poor Pashtun in Kabul province, is enriched with Western aid and looks on. Does not contribute to the war for its "liberation" and gives his life for his country, which also has a president, Hamid Karzai, whose election has been de-legitimized by the withdrawal of the other candidate, Abdullah Abdullah.

The Taliban are fighting hard and make for an ideal, for the triumph of the rule of Allah on earth. Their struggle is adapted to the situation and ever more sophisticated weapons. Coalition forces have strict rules, not adaptable, and are losing ground. The people are looking to see who will win.

But the West can not defeat the Taliban without his help. We mourn and remember the then yet another victim in Afghanistan. But on March 2 is also a day of commemoration of the tenth anniversary of the destruction of the famous Buddhas of Bamiyan, in the region of Hazarajat in central Afghanistan, about 250 miles northwest of Kabul.

An ancient meeting place of the major Asian civilizations along the Silk Road. These giant carved into the rock, one of nearly 55 meters dated 591-644 AD C. and a 35-meter dating from 544-595, were blown up by Taliban groups with dynamite over several weeks to start right from the March 2, 2001.

The site was declared a UNESCO "world heritage" but when the Taliban captured Bamiyan in 1998 feet of the statues have been turned into ammunition depots. He had spent half of UNESCO and the Taliban had assured the international community: the statues would not be touched. At the end of February 2001, however, was issued an edict that outlawed.

Immediately after the bombing began to destroy them. For years, scientists have studied the hundreds of fragments, all that remained of one of the most important archaeological sites in the world. According to Erwin Emmerling, Politecnico di Monaco di Baviera, once the statues, like those of old west, were brightly colored in red, white and blue.

The professor of restoration and conservation, who visited the site 15 times since 2007, believes that the smallest of them can be rebuilt using parts retrieved, although there are "many political and diplomatic obstacles to be overcome." The fragile fragments of sandstone or are currently covered in the site or stored in a small warehouse in the province of Bamiyan.

Should be built a small factory in the restoration of the Bamiyan Valley else around 1400 stones, some weighing up to two tons, should be transported to Germany. Today opens a conference in Paris on the future of the statues of Bamiyan and Emmerling will talk about his hypothesis of reconstruction.

Much of the international community of scholars is prepared to battle the team of Monaco would be useless because it is not able to distinguish between the color of the remaining original parts that come from the Buddha and those which are separated from the paintings on the walls that surrounded .

The reconstruction, they say, is a work of archeology, but a "Disneyland for tourists". Everyone is waiting for final decision by the Afghan government, whose representatives are present at the conference today. A very important conference for the country's future, no doubt, will think that the reconstruction and the economy.

And a well-kept archaeological site is always a source of income and, above all, prestige. But when Afghanistan is facing other problems, such as combating the Taliban, who are better armed and organized, and the reconstruction of the political and social. And who tells us that if the statue of Buddha at Bamiyan was rebuilt and in the meantime, the Taliban were able to penetrate into the country, tomorrow would not be bombed again?

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