Monday, April 25, 2011

Nuclear power in highly seismic zone

If a country likely to suffer a major earthquake that is Japan. And in Japan, the Tokai region, south of Tokyo. Well, right there on the confluence of three tectonic plates and Japan where the government places the highest risk of major quake in the next 30 years, is one of five nuclear reactors. Hamaoka called to the accident and Fukushima was proud to challenge seismology.

The emerging Japanese anti-nuclear movement requires closure. The visitor center is Hamaoka nuclear as a theme park for children. A yellow cartoon called Yuyu explains to small MOX fuel (using uranium and plutonium) is a "fuel of dreams", which qualifies as a clean and recyclable. There are water slides and colorful to explain the fission of the atom as a game.

The center has a 17-story tower offers a spectacular view of the plant: the five reactors on a huge white sand dune facing the Pacific. The first is connected to the network in 1976 and the first two are already dismantled. Responsible for nuclear, owned by Chubu Electric, which are not hidden in one of the world's worst earthquake zones.

The panels detail that there have been at least four major earthquakes, of magnitude 8.4 in 1498, from 7.9 in 1605, from 8.4 in 1707, and 8.4 in 1854. Cadence is an earthquake every 100 to 150 years. As the last one was 157, the official map of the Japanese Government placed there most likely to register a massive earthquake in 30 years.

Japan's Meteorological Agency says that "in the Suruga Bay will be an earthquake of magnitude 8 earthquake in Tokai." The Japanese know that any earthquake as "the Great Tokai." The system is questionable and a Nature paper by a professor from the University of Tokyo called for the deletion of the prediction because the last major earthquakes, including the March 11, has been the epicenter outside the area provided.

Still, the Japanese, who for over a month pending Fukushima live, begin to ask what the hell does a nuclear plant there? Yukie Tokura, Kakegawa neighbor, 20 miles from the plant, ironically, "Welcome to nuclear located in the most dangerous place in the world. " Like other Japanese woman who has to be convinced antinuclear.

This energy produced 29% of electricity in 2010. To Fukushima never worried about living near the reactors. Tokura, 44, who lived in London, does not understand the passivity of their neighbors, who mostly support the plant, "he told me in England against the war in Iraq, but here no one protest, one must go very slowly.

Among the critics is Ohisi Kazuo, councilman in a nearby town. "The epicenter of March 11 was far from Fukushima. What would happen here if the epicenter is right below? "He asked uneasily. The Japanese are highly unlikely to demonstrations, Fukushima though something may be changing. Tokyo has already hosted two antinuclear marches with thousands of mainly young people.

His first goal was to Fukushima, the second Hamaoka. Fukushima has helped as no anti-nuclear movement. Among environmentalists derisively runs one sentence: "Fukushima has left us without work." According to an Asahi newspaper survey in 2007 only 28% of Japanese were against nuclear energy.

Last week, the percentage was 41%, according to a survey by the same newspaper. Protesters have gathered a latent controversy. The seismologist at Kobe University Katsuhiko Ishibashi and warned of a domino-type disaster, the sum of earthquake and nuclear accident in Hamaoka. Ishibashi was a member of the official group that in 2006 reviewed the seismic hazard to nuclear safety, but resigned with a bang.

In 2007 he wrote in The International Herald Tribune a harsh article: "The Government, together with the power and the academic community, has developed the habit of underestimating the risk of major earthquakes." He added that "the risk of a nightmare occurred in Hamaoka is particularly high." Ishibashi is elusive to the press but just declared two magazines: "The radioactive cloud would reach the Tokyo metropolitan area (approximately 200 km) and would have to evacuate more than 10 million people." The Mainichi newspaper used this week that quoted explicitly in a column titled "Hamaoka must be off." He was not alone.

Kiyoo Mogi, president of the committee to prevent earthquakes, in 2007 requested the immediate closure of Hamaoka. Occurred after the 2007 earthquake, which exceeded the design basis of the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa nuclear. An official says that if anything has been shown Kashiwazaki-Kariwa and Fukushima is that plants resist earthquakes even better than expected.

In the first case there was a dumping at sea and fire, but smaller. In the second, he claims, the problem was not the earthquake, but the tsunami of 15 meters high and dragged to the emergency diesel generators, which were partially buried. Hamaoka is designed to withstand an earthquake of 8.5, but no protection against tsunamis (is high on a dune).

The utility has announced the construction of a barrier antimaremoto. Nuclear power now lives in the shadow of Fukushima, as evidenced by their third reactor. This was under review on March 11 and should connect to the network later this month, but still standing. Chubu has delayed the construction of the sixth reactor there, and postponed the use of MOX fuel.

Following Fukushima, Japan will revise its energy policy. Hamaoka speak. Country Thousands of people demonstrated yesterday in central Tokyo to demand an end to nuclear energy and further development of renewable energies, after the accident at the plant in Fukushima caused by the earthquake and subsequent tsunami.

With signs that read "Bye Bye Genpatsu" (Goodbye nuclear), the demonstrators marched from the Yoyogi park, calm and bright sunshine. "We are restless. Fukushima Before, I thought of all this, but now we have to react, you have to do for our children, "said Hiroshi Iino, 43, one of the participants in the demonstration.

Meanwhile, in another part of the Japanese capital, was held a second demonstration, which also included several thousand people to protest against the company that operates the plant in Fukushima Daiichi, TEPCO. million or more people living within 30 kilometers of one of the 211 nuclear plants in the world, according to an analysis published by the British science journal Nature.

thousand people lived within a radius of 30 kilometers around the damaged reactor in Fukushima 1, before the evacuation, ordered or recommended in this area. nuclear power plants in Asia, American, German, British, Belgian and Swiss under at least a million people living within a radius of 30 kilometers.

Six of these plants are surrounded by more than three million people. million Americans-or more, 9.6 billion Chinese people and an equal number of Germans living within 30 kilometers of a nuclear power, as calculated by Nature in association with the American University of Columbia. About 25,000 Japanese soldiers, supported by ships, aircraft and divers, started today a new search operation to try to find the bodies of nearly 12,000 missing after the earthquake and tsunami of 11 March.

During the operation, which will be extended for two days, involving a total of 24 000 800 Japanese soldiers, 90 helicopters and planes, 50 ships and 100 Navy divers also have the participation of the Police, the Coast Guard and troops United States. The search is centered on the coast of the provinces of Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima, the three most affected by the earthquake of 9.0 magnitude on the Richter scale and the subsequent tsunami, which left 14 000 11 000 300 dead and 999 missing balance according to the recent police.

During the search operation Crawl coastal waters in the area, including for the first time, which are within a radius of 30 kilometers from the Fukushima nuclear plant that were not inspected in the previous operations. A Defense Ministry spokesman, Ippo Maeyama, said yesterday that the military operation will be much more extensive search.

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