In a country where freedom of expression is stifled, opponents have called to protest at a "day of rage", Thursday, Feb. 17, against the regime of Colonel Gaddafi. At least four protesters were killed the previous day during clashes with security forces in the city of Al-Baida, 1 200 km east of Tripoli.
According to the Libyan newspaper Quryna citing "security sources knowledgeable", the Ministry of Interior has fired Colonel Hassan Kardhaoui, security director of Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, the chief town of the region of Al-Baida, following "the death of two young" Wednesday night (a previous review of the reported opposition of at least four deaths).
According Quryna, city police closed the local trade in the city of Al-Baida, which caused incidents between the owners of these premises and the police before the situation escalates. A call to protest launched on the Internet Like the Tunisian and Egyptian revolt is on social networks that opponents of the regime of Muammar Gaddafi trying to mobilize, particularly via Twitter, which keywords and # # 17Feb Benghazi used to relay information about events.
The Libyan authorities can not all be deceived by targeting activists present on the Web: according to the Arabic Network for Information on Human Rights (ANHRI), several opponents have been arrested in recent days, based on comments posted on the Internet. Muammar Gaddafi had also warned against the use of Facebook, which he said is part of an "imperialist plot." Ignoring this advice, the Libyans are present in numbers on Facebook.
Like the Tunisians and Egyptians, they also exploit the possibilities of video. Title Enough ("Enough"), a report released on YouTube relays the calls to protest Thursday: A sclerotic regime, out of breath after the fall of his former colleagues AbidineBen Zine El-Ali and Hosni Mubarak, Muammar Gaddafi, 68, which forty and one in power, is now the longest serving Arab leader.
"In Libya, the regime is hiding behind a facade of direct democracy, but we can observe all the components characteristic of a dictatorial regime," observes François Burgat, a researcher at the CNRS, author of Libya (PUF, 2003): from repression to torture, lack of freedom of expression, a leader in power for over thirty years, a temptation dynastic clan ownership of oil profits.
" For the researcher, all ingredients are combined anger. The economic situation is considerably less tense than in Tunisia or Egypt, "but redistribution is not satisfactory," says Francois Burgat. "Lack of confidence in the regime killed any momentum investing. Libya is an assisted economy, whose revenues are more than 90% of hydrocarbons.
There is a frustration of entrepreneurs and economic stress, social worse off ". Protesters can they take the conflict? The Libyan regime has several strengths that enable pouvent to silence dissenters. The first of these assets is "the smallness of the Libyan people," said Francois Burgat.
"Libya is a vast area nearly empty, 6 or 7 million. As a result, popular protests have no strategic reserve population they had in Egypt, and to a lesser extent, Tunisia. " The second variable is the financial firepower of the system, able to provide resources to "buy" a social consensus.
The Libyan government has already adopted a series of measures aimed at reducing the prices of essential commodities. The regime in Tripoli has also agreed Wednesday to release one hundred and ten militants jailed Islamic Group Libyan Islamic Fighting, an organization banned by the authorities, a promise made several months ago, but never held before.
Difficulty of structuring an opposition, a major difficulty encountered by opponents Muammar Gaddafi is to be structured, the scheme does not permit them having to get any visibility, and financial resources it has also frequently allowed "s' buy "political rallies. "Almost every five years, Gaddafi renewed his political and rejuvenates his bodyguard in 'buying' of young professionals, says François Burgat.
The transaction is not ideological, because the Libyan regime is 'naked' on the ideological level. Nobody does credit to the Green Paper. Resources nationalists 'leader' are exhausted, only its remaining oil resources ... its really. " The previous Benghazi The "day of anger" on Thursday was preceded the night of Wednesday, a protest by several hundred people in Benghazi, a coastal city in eastern Libya.
The event was marked by a violent dispersal by police, making thirty-eight wounded, according to the director of Al-Jala Hospital, Benghazi. The protesters demanded the release of Fethi Tarbel, lawyer for the families of prisoners killed in a shootout in 1996 in Abu Salim Prison in Tripoli, who was arrested for unknown reasons and released several hours later.
The shooting of Abu Salim remains one of the bloodiest episodes in the history of the regime of Gaddafi. According to Human Rights Watch, at least twelve hundred prisoners were then killed by security forces in unclear circumstances. Compensation has been paid to the families of victims, but they continue to demand that justice be done and light on the massacre.
The sling Benghazi can it extend to the rest of the country? If the event on Tuesday evening has its origins in the demand for justice regarding the shooting of Abu Salim, protesters in Benghazi have extended their demands for political and economic demands. The protesters shouted sloganshostiles to Colonel Gaddafi and Prime Minister Al-Mahmoudi Baghadadi.
The city of Benghazi, located a thousand miles east of Tripoli, occupies a special place in history Jamahiriya. Many opponents of Gaddafi originate and the city was ruled out major economic development projects, enhancing its particularism. One of the challenges of Thursday's demonstration will be whether the party of anger in Benghazi extend to the rest of the country, including the capital, Tripoli.
Fears of repression organizations defending human rights have warned protesters against the risk of a fierce crackdown by security forces in a country unaccustomed to the expression of popular discontent. Thursday morning, NGOs were already reported four people killed the previous day in Al-Baida, in clashes between police and demonstrators.
According to Libya Watch, an organization based in London, the internal security forces and militias of the Revolutionary Committees have dispersed a demonstration "by using live ammunition." The opposition website Libya Al-Youm was also reported at least four protesters were killed by live ammunition.
Another organization Libyan Human Rights Solidarity, based in Geneva, in advance of it, based on evidence gathered in Al-Baida, as snipers on rooftops have killed thirteen demonstrators and wounded dozens of others. These assessments could not be confirmed immediately. What role will the military? It is impossible to predict, but this will undoubtedly be a key to the conflict.
"As in Egypt or Tunisia, the success or failure of events ultimately depend on the attitude of executives of the Libyan army, including tanks were seen repeatedly in the past their tracks removed to prevent any unexpected movement" , notes Francois Burgat. Moreover, a specific Libya is that "Gaddafi has always mix and exploit three networks of solidarity: the circle of family and clan, the army, and finally, the institutions say 'popular' or 'revolutionary' he created "analysis the researcher.
By putting these three competing networks, the Libyan leader could assert its authority over the country. Le Monde. en 
According to the Libyan newspaper Quryna citing "security sources knowledgeable", the Ministry of Interior has fired Colonel Hassan Kardhaoui, security director of Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, the chief town of the region of Al-Baida, following "the death of two young" Wednesday night (a previous review of the reported opposition of at least four deaths).
According Quryna, city police closed the local trade in the city of Al-Baida, which caused incidents between the owners of these premises and the police before the situation escalates. A call to protest launched on the Internet Like the Tunisian and Egyptian revolt is on social networks that opponents of the regime of Muammar Gaddafi trying to mobilize, particularly via Twitter, which keywords and # # 17Feb Benghazi used to relay information about events.
The Libyan authorities can not all be deceived by targeting activists present on the Web: according to the Arabic Network for Information on Human Rights (ANHRI), several opponents have been arrested in recent days, based on comments posted on the Internet. Muammar Gaddafi had also warned against the use of Facebook, which he said is part of an "imperialist plot." Ignoring this advice, the Libyans are present in numbers on Facebook.
Like the Tunisians and Egyptians, they also exploit the possibilities of video. Title Enough ("Enough"), a report released on YouTube relays the calls to protest Thursday: A sclerotic regime, out of breath after the fall of his former colleagues AbidineBen Zine El-Ali and Hosni Mubarak, Muammar Gaddafi, 68, which forty and one in power, is now the longest serving Arab leader.
"In Libya, the regime is hiding behind a facade of direct democracy, but we can observe all the components characteristic of a dictatorial regime," observes François Burgat, a researcher at the CNRS, author of Libya (PUF, 2003): from repression to torture, lack of freedom of expression, a leader in power for over thirty years, a temptation dynastic clan ownership of oil profits.
" For the researcher, all ingredients are combined anger. The economic situation is considerably less tense than in Tunisia or Egypt, "but redistribution is not satisfactory," says Francois Burgat. "Lack of confidence in the regime killed any momentum investing. Libya is an assisted economy, whose revenues are more than 90% of hydrocarbons.
There is a frustration of entrepreneurs and economic stress, social worse off ". Protesters can they take the conflict? The Libyan regime has several strengths that enable pouvent to silence dissenters. The first of these assets is "the smallness of the Libyan people," said Francois Burgat.
"Libya is a vast area nearly empty, 6 or 7 million. As a result, popular protests have no strategic reserve population they had in Egypt, and to a lesser extent, Tunisia. " The second variable is the financial firepower of the system, able to provide resources to "buy" a social consensus.
The Libyan government has already adopted a series of measures aimed at reducing the prices of essential commodities. The regime in Tripoli has also agreed Wednesday to release one hundred and ten militants jailed Islamic Group Libyan Islamic Fighting, an organization banned by the authorities, a promise made several months ago, but never held before.
Difficulty of structuring an opposition, a major difficulty encountered by opponents Muammar Gaddafi is to be structured, the scheme does not permit them having to get any visibility, and financial resources it has also frequently allowed "s' buy "political rallies. "Almost every five years, Gaddafi renewed his political and rejuvenates his bodyguard in 'buying' of young professionals, says François Burgat.
The transaction is not ideological, because the Libyan regime is 'naked' on the ideological level. Nobody does credit to the Green Paper. Resources nationalists 'leader' are exhausted, only its remaining oil resources ... its really. " The previous Benghazi The "day of anger" on Thursday was preceded the night of Wednesday, a protest by several hundred people in Benghazi, a coastal city in eastern Libya.
The event was marked by a violent dispersal by police, making thirty-eight wounded, according to the director of Al-Jala Hospital, Benghazi. The protesters demanded the release of Fethi Tarbel, lawyer for the families of prisoners killed in a shootout in 1996 in Abu Salim Prison in Tripoli, who was arrested for unknown reasons and released several hours later.
The shooting of Abu Salim remains one of the bloodiest episodes in the history of the regime of Gaddafi. According to Human Rights Watch, at least twelve hundred prisoners were then killed by security forces in unclear circumstances. Compensation has been paid to the families of victims, but they continue to demand that justice be done and light on the massacre.
The sling Benghazi can it extend to the rest of the country? If the event on Tuesday evening has its origins in the demand for justice regarding the shooting of Abu Salim, protesters in Benghazi have extended their demands for political and economic demands. The protesters shouted sloganshostiles to Colonel Gaddafi and Prime Minister Al-Mahmoudi Baghadadi.
The city of Benghazi, located a thousand miles east of Tripoli, occupies a special place in history Jamahiriya. Many opponents of Gaddafi originate and the city was ruled out major economic development projects, enhancing its particularism. One of the challenges of Thursday's demonstration will be whether the party of anger in Benghazi extend to the rest of the country, including the capital, Tripoli.
Fears of repression organizations defending human rights have warned protesters against the risk of a fierce crackdown by security forces in a country unaccustomed to the expression of popular discontent. Thursday morning, NGOs were already reported four people killed the previous day in Al-Baida, in clashes between police and demonstrators.
According to Libya Watch, an organization based in London, the internal security forces and militias of the Revolutionary Committees have dispersed a demonstration "by using live ammunition." The opposition website Libya Al-Youm was also reported at least four protesters were killed by live ammunition.
Another organization Libyan Human Rights Solidarity, based in Geneva, in advance of it, based on evidence gathered in Al-Baida, as snipers on rooftops have killed thirteen demonstrators and wounded dozens of others. These assessments could not be confirmed immediately. What role will the military? It is impossible to predict, but this will undoubtedly be a key to the conflict.
"As in Egypt or Tunisia, the success or failure of events ultimately depend on the attitude of executives of the Libyan army, including tanks were seen repeatedly in the past their tracks removed to prevent any unexpected movement" , notes Francois Burgat. Moreover, a specific Libya is that "Gaddafi has always mix and exploit three networks of solidarity: the circle of family and clan, the army, and finally, the institutions say 'popular' or 'revolutionary' he created "analysis the researcher.
By putting these three competing networks, the Libyan leader could assert its authority over the country. Le Monde. en
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