The massacres of Christians in a cathedral in Baghdad and Al-Qaddissin Coptic church in Alexandria are unequivocal signs that something serious is happening in Muslim lands: the slow and brutal exclusion of Christians, even the most refractory to proselytize The most inserted in the place they inhabit, not much different from the expulsion of Jews from Arab countries after the '48.No matter, here, wondering why the shock driven it less of today's oppression of Christians. Maybe because the Christian martyrology comforting rituals of old. Perhaps only beginning to understand the catastrophe that was the end of the Habsburg Empire, nationalism, identity and persecution of minorities that it generated after the First World War.
While they still do not understand, until the end, the disasters created by the fall of the Ottoman empire: ethnic and religious nationalism that produced and was the occasion for the colonists, to redraw boundaries at random, using the people approach him without dividends or policy. It is one of the reasons why the continent has often been unsuccessful.
The ossification of old boundaries prevents the reconstruction of institutions, the empire of law. But the division is more serious as it affects the heart, that in the religions of the Book are the seat of emotions but not of the mind, reason. Has become all the more essential to understand Islam, why is now the second religion in the West.
Because the suffering of Christians in Muslim countries assume catastrophic proportions. Why not grow over time in each other and the only gift of salvation: the knowledge, know each other. This degradation has run extended when Islam came, brutal life in the West after September 11, 2001.
It was then that many, eager to know more than pleased, ran to seek guidance in essays describing, in particular, the defeat of Islam (the books of Bernard Lewis, Samuel Huntington, the same text far more ancient emperor Paleologo mentioned in 2006 in Regensburg, Benedict XVI). Most were probably inspired by those who are bent on literature or original texts: for example, in Italy, Peter Cited erudition, wisdom or investigated by Sabino Chialà, monaco di Bose, or the precision with which the Koran was repeated in 2010 by Mondadori, curator and translator Alberto Ventura Ida Zilio-Grandi.
But monotheism is to scrutinize a great urge to go back to basic text: the Qur'an, although there are many provisions that are repealed as the book unfolds, leading to perennial conflicts of interpretation. We must begin seriously to read it ourselves and maybe even the Muslims, that he sometimes forgets how Christians or Jews often forget their books.
We think, for example, that in Islam there is no mercy, compassion, help the least, forgiveness. It is not true, especially when it concerned equal justice for all. Sure, a separation between God's law and secular law in Islam is hard, but steadily, in the Qur'an, justice is defined as "the closest thing to godliness." In Sura 4:135 is intimate: "Act with firm justice when witness before God, even if it is against yourself or against your parents or your kin, be they rich or poor, to both God and the other is more close to you, then do not follow the passions that make you wander from righteousness.
" God commands not to follow even the opposite impulse, hating their opponents: "The hatred of a people against non-believer will inspire you to be unjust." Killing in the absence of conditions (the presence of a murderess, a corrupter of the earth) "is like killing all humanity." Innocent, praying in Baghdad and Alexandria was killed, according to Sura 5:32, the whole of humanity.
Although over the centuries Islam swelled the mistrust of Jews and Christians (not because of the faith of the people of the Book, not for their adherence to the Scriptures, which are considered precursors of the Qur'an), respect is great because God is one (Allah is the translation of the name of God, we tend to forget it).
The prosecution, resentful, not to fulfill the Scriptures, all three sacred, but of adultery and believing children of God "more than other men" (5:18). Are rejected idolatry, the uncontrolled passions. The use of reason (in the Qur'an, discernment, insight) is intense in Islam. Illuminating in this regard, the Islamic Jesus said, gathered from the edition Chialà Lorenzo Valla (2009).
We would like to name a few. "Stupid is incurable, such as sand, from which springs up nothing." Jesus admits that he healed the leper and the blind man: instead, "I treated the fool, but I was exhausted" (362). And before that, in that 303: "I was unable to revive the dead, but I was unable to cure the stupid." Rumi says that Jesus fled to their heels, if he met a fool.
Stupid as totally lacking in discernment, justice, and the massacre of Christians in Iraq and Egypt. Many dead, and Christ painting smeared with blood to Alexandria with what result? How glorious garden with a view to the day when death takes you? Muslims themselves are dismayed Alexandrian, and offer to guard their churches.
The Koran is contrary to the anathemas, excommunications: the verdict of disbelief comes only from God's kindness has a large space in the book, as well as a vast space is dedicated to women who have fewer rights, but are still legal entities ("Can Maybe you despise something that God has placed a great asset, "Sura 4:19).
As for curses, Sura 2:256 is clear: "There is no compulsion in religion." In the history of forced conversions to Islam could not exist. What drives then, if not stupidity, ignorance, and revenge repeatedly discouraged by the Book, the hand of the murderers or the minds of indifferent Muslims who so badly welcome the condemnations of Pope Benedict XVI, considering impious interference? Seems to drive the inability to put face to face radical faith and reason, not at the expense of each other.
A great poet of the eleventh century, Abu al-Ala-L Ma'arri, divided the land into "two kinds of people: those who have reason without religion, and those who lack religion and reason." A thousand years have passed since then, and still more by the composition of the Koran: the third great monotheistic attempt to soften the dark and twisted humanity.
The last decade of violence, instead of stun even more minds may be the opportunity to memory groped a less obstructed, a scruffy know less. Ten years is just to begin to understand, and everyone must make the effort starting from itself, because the memories are often a common scam, as in Italy around the resistance.
It's a tall task, difficult for us and also for Muslims. No one is defeated, if you call thinking. The Quran does not claim the impossible man ("a religion is easy," said Muhammad), but is severe when you talk about justice, mercy, reason. Syncretism, besides not being called, is impossible because there are too many redressing injuries that did to each other.
Even in religion as in politics, there should be mindful that the reconciliation of the past to build a different future. The Arabs and Persians together, Arabs and Jews in war goes on, have not yet (if you exclude the beginning of the State of Israel, figures such as Judah Magnes and Hannah Arendt), people who can share a future historian, a secular federation of ethnic groups and religions, avoiding the pitfalls of shared memory minimalist.
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