Scientists from 20 countries seeking to create a network of radio telescopes the size of a continent that revelería data on the origin of the universe, and look for signals from extraterrestrial civilizations. The project called Square Kilometer or Joint September Square Kilometer (SKA, for its acronym in English) takes its name from the size of its collecting area, published on its website the "BBC" Spanish.
"The dishes will be elliptical , about 15 meters in diameter. And very simple because they have to be cheap, especially if you have three thousand of them, "said Richard Schilizzi, International SKA Project Director. Three thousand antennas are necessary because the length of radio waves is much greater than that of visible light.
"In order to obtain the same level of detail that a good optical telescope, we needed to cover 100 miles. Clearly you can not build a single telescope of 100 kilometers but what you can do is build a network of telescopes and join them, "said Simon Garrington, director of e-Merlin set the Jodrell Bank Radio Observatory, near Manchester in the United Kingdom.
The SKA will offer 50 times greater sensitivity and 100 times better resolution than any set of radio telescopes on Earth so far. The 20 countries to invest two billion 120 million dollars in SKA and expect to conclude in 2024, although the first phase should be operational later this decade.
The competition to host the telescope is intense and has reduced to two strong proposals, one to be located in Western Australia, and one in the Northern Cape region in South Africa. "One of the most important things is to find a site you have very little interference from radio transmissions.
If there is something about a strong signal spreading, the telescope is blind. A bit like trying to see the stars when the sun is in heaven, "said project director in South Africa, Bernie Fanaroff. In the whole matrix, about 50% of the dishes are within five miles plants, the next 25% over a diameter of 200 kilometers.
And 25% eventually extend to over three thousand kilometers. The proposed antennas would include South Africa in Namibia, Botswana, Mozambique, Madagascar, Zambia, Mauritius, Kenya and Ghana. In Australia, New Zealand would reach. "Australia proposed a base site, the Murchison Radio Observatory is located in one of the most sparsely populated regions of the planet," said Brian Boyle told the BBC.
"Furthermore, Australia and New Zealand together provide the flexibility to place stations around five thousand 500 kilometers." To make all the telescopes in the network must work together to coordinate all the signals to a billionth of a second using fiber optics to the equivalent of twice round the Earth to link them.
And then every couple of dishes should be paired with a computer. Each telescope produces about 20GB of data per second, or enough to fill the hard drive of a computer in minutes. There are several scientific questions momentous SKA could respond, including how planets form, how gravitational waves stretch the fabric of the universe evolved and how the first galaxies.
Steve Rawlings, Oxford University hopes that this can explain the mysterious dark energy. "The SKA is a Time Machine. When looking at longer ranges, viewing the universe as it was when I was younger. " 
"The dishes will be elliptical , about 15 meters in diameter. And very simple because they have to be cheap, especially if you have three thousand of them, "said Richard Schilizzi, International SKA Project Director. Three thousand antennas are necessary because the length of radio waves is much greater than that of visible light.
"In order to obtain the same level of detail that a good optical telescope, we needed to cover 100 miles. Clearly you can not build a single telescope of 100 kilometers but what you can do is build a network of telescopes and join them, "said Simon Garrington, director of e-Merlin set the Jodrell Bank Radio Observatory, near Manchester in the United Kingdom.
The SKA will offer 50 times greater sensitivity and 100 times better resolution than any set of radio telescopes on Earth so far. The 20 countries to invest two billion 120 million dollars in SKA and expect to conclude in 2024, although the first phase should be operational later this decade.
The competition to host the telescope is intense and has reduced to two strong proposals, one to be located in Western Australia, and one in the Northern Cape region in South Africa. "One of the most important things is to find a site you have very little interference from radio transmissions.
If there is something about a strong signal spreading, the telescope is blind. A bit like trying to see the stars when the sun is in heaven, "said project director in South Africa, Bernie Fanaroff. In the whole matrix, about 50% of the dishes are within five miles plants, the next 25% over a diameter of 200 kilometers.
And 25% eventually extend to over three thousand kilometers. The proposed antennas would include South Africa in Namibia, Botswana, Mozambique, Madagascar, Zambia, Mauritius, Kenya and Ghana. In Australia, New Zealand would reach. "Australia proposed a base site, the Murchison Radio Observatory is located in one of the most sparsely populated regions of the planet," said Brian Boyle told the BBC.
"Furthermore, Australia and New Zealand together provide the flexibility to place stations around five thousand 500 kilometers." To make all the telescopes in the network must work together to coordinate all the signals to a billionth of a second using fiber optics to the equivalent of twice round the Earth to link them.
And then every couple of dishes should be paired with a computer. Each telescope produces about 20GB of data per second, or enough to fill the hard drive of a computer in minutes. There are several scientific questions momentous SKA could respond, including how planets form, how gravitational waves stretch the fabric of the universe evolved and how the first galaxies.
Steve Rawlings, Oxford University hopes that this can explain the mysterious dark energy. "The SKA is a Time Machine. When looking at longer ranges, viewing the universe as it was when I was younger. "
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