A furious storm of protest finally toppled the Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, after 30 years in power, sparking celebrations in the streets and sent a warning signal to authoritarian leaders of the Arab world and other countries. Mubarak, the second Arab leader to be toppled by a popular revolt in a month, handed over power to the armed forces after 18 days of unprecedented protests against poverty, corruption and repression, in which military support evaporated.
Vice President Omar Suleiman said a military council will take over the most populous Arab nation. For September were promised free presidential elections. The "rais" (president in Arabic) had left with his family to Sharm el Sheikh, a resort city on the Red Sea, before his resignation was announced.
The Egyptians celebrated euphorically in a carnival atmosphere in the streets, and people hugged in Tahrir Square (Liberation) in Cairo, the main focus of the protests. Others simply wept with joy. However, there are doubts about how far the army, commanded by Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, Minister of Defense veteran Mubarak is prepared to establish a democracy, especially because the outlawed Muslim Brotherhood party is one of the best forces organized.
U.S. officials familiar with the Egyptian army, sponsored by Washington, said that Tantawi, 75, has always resisted change. In a statement, the military council said it would take steps to open an interim phase and expects to meet the expectations of the people. "This is the best day of my life," said opposition activist and winner of the Nobel Prize Peace, Mohamed ElBaradei, who welcomed a transitional period of power sharing between the military and people, adding that he had in mind to run for president.
The Egyptians waved flags, threw fireworks and beat drums to celebrate this new chapter in the modern history of his country. The text messages of congratulations saturated mobile phone networks, while ordinary people were celebrating the victory of people power. Tahrir Square in Cairo, one speaker made the announcement, where hundreds of thousands broke into tears, cheered and hugged each other, singing "The people have toppled the regime." Others shouted: "Allahu Akbar" (God is great).
"I am confident the Egyptians will find answers in a peaceful, constructive and spirit of unity that has defined the past few weeks," said the U.S. president, Barack Obama. The White House view that the Egyptian army will now have to review the constitution and lift the Emergency Law. For British Prime Minister, David Cameron, the change was a precious opportunity.
And German Chancellor Angela Merkel said she shared the joy of the Egyptian people. Israel, a country with which Egypt signed the first Arab peace treaty in 1979, said he hoped that relations should remain peaceful. An increasingly bitter dispute had raised fears of violence in the country, a key U.S.
ally in a region rich in oil where the possibility of the disorder from spreading to other states shakes the West. Washington has called for a rapid transition to democracy to restore stability in Egypt, a rare Arab state that is not hostile to Israel, is the guardian of the Suez Canal linking Europe with Asia, and is a major force against militant Islam in the region .
The television channel Al Arabiya said a military statement announced the dismissal of the cabinet, the suspension of both houses of parliament and the head of the Constitutional Court will rule along with the military council. The Mexican government wished the speedy recovery of institutional life in Egypt, through a statement from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (SRE).
He hoped that soon establish a serious dialogue and inclusive to allow channel the aspirations of the population and carry out promised reforms and regain institutional life. However, the Government of Mexico expresses its regret at the loss of life during the demonstrations and offers its condolences to the families of the victims.
The first day of protest was dubbed the "Day of Wrath." Protesters rallied in several cities in a concentration called the Internet. The "Friday the anger and freedom," leaving fifty dead as a result of clashes between demonstrators and police. The authorities restrict the work of the press and close the offices of Al Jazeera television.
It held a general strike involving hundreds of thousands of Egyptians call in Tahrir Square. Mubarak announces he will not stand in the forthcoming elections, but who will lead the transition. Clashes between supporters and opponents of Mubarak causing two dead in Tahrir Square in Cairo.
Fighting continues in Cairo. At least eight people die and 15 are wounded by unknown opponents Mubarak. At least four civilians died. The UN said the death toll stands at over 300. President Hosni Mubarak is reluctant to leave the government. Egyptians demanded the president burst out in joy in Cairo, by the end of the regime that ruled the country for more than three decades.
Egypt has relevance because of its growth and financial development in recent years. Economic advancement rates have hovered around 5-6% per year making it one of the states that generates wealth more quickly, on par with South Africa and Nigeria. This economic strength has led to establish itself as the financial heart of North Africa.
Egypt has become one of the "stabilizers" since George W. Bush drew what he called the greater Middle East, the area stretching from Morocco to Afghanistan. The role of the nation of the pharaohs has certain achievements in the relationship of the Arab countries with Israel, a major conduit for intervention in this region of the United States and a buffer against the possibility that radical Islamist movements take power.
Egypt is one of the basic Islamic countries can be considered secular. The role of the Army has been instrumental in ensuring that the clergy and the radical movements away from government structures. That has allowed him to have an authoritarian system that respects and supports the West, but at the same time it has lost some dialogue with radical Islamic countries like Syria, who see in Egypt a legitimate spokesman.
Egypt is strategically positioned in North Africa, bordering the Gaza Strip burning in Palestine. The Suez Canal can make essential connections for commercial and economic life of the Mediterranean since ancient Suez Mare Nostrum joins the Red Sea and Indian Ocean. On the other hand, Egypt has troubled border nations found in the eye of international concerns: Sudan, Libya and a few miles from Cyprus.
Egypt was really like a free country in 1952 and since then has had only three presidents. The latest, Hosni Mubarak, stepped down yesterday after the weariness of the population by authoritarian regimes identified with corruption, despotism and abuse. The Egyptians turned to "soft power" to push its output.
For the scholar José de Jesús López Almejo, Department of International Studies at the University of Guadalajara (University of Guadalajara), this revolution takes up the modus operandi of Mahatma Gandhi, who lead India to independence in 1947. "This wave of Arab democratization rather than to violent coups, he turns to 'soft power', a peaceful resistance through boycotts, of economic stagnation and mass protests, "says Lopez Almejo.
In 2011, the conditions were necessary for the Egyptian people, protest and get Mubarak output. Earlier would have been impossible because, say the academics, the world powers that had not allowed. "Previously (George W.) Bush ruled the United States, who is supported right-wing and authoritarian regimes, with Barack Obama's speech changed, and therefore the international agencies and the international community in general, so there was room to support these local movements.
" Another important factor was the unity of the opposition, "understood the phrase the people united will never be defeated", and realized that it is real if it takes practice, refers López Almejo, Mubarak made it for years to divide their work well and even face opposition for him was not his target.
Processes and changes do not occur automatically and the effects are not visible in the short term. By making Hosni Mubarak left the presidency, the Egyptians met the first goal, but democracy would come gradually. "The second goal is that the Army, who was in command, must formally revoke the command of Mubarak: Dissolve cameras Parliamentary and then leave the power in the hands of the Constitutional Court, which is the legal body that certifies how judicial processes and policy changes.
" Next, continue the academic, is to convene elections in considerable time and opposition forces, as well as coordinated and patiently worked to overthrow the president, reaching agreements to institutionalize the process that leads them to decide who will be your next government. "I believe it is going to achieve democratization, but gradually, although we are at a delicate time to anticipate." After the departure of Mubarak, Mohamed ElBaradei thinks could win the presidency.
ElBaradei has been until now the opposition leader, was director of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and is recognized for his confrontations with Bush eight years ago when he announced the invasion of Iraq for weapons of mass destruction (WMD) course ElBaradei publicly denied.
In addition, he is righteous, strong, educated, loves his country and now orchestrator. However, according to the specialist in the University of Guadalajara, which is expected in Egypt is that there is a council that supported by the Constitutional Court, will determine what will be the rules of the game, "it would be safe to say that he ( ElBaradei) will automatically assume the presidency.
" In Tunisia began, and the wave continued in Egypt. "They should be very concerned, first, place the Arabs of Saudi Arabia and the thirteen monarchies, second Jordan, because they are kings and princes who have extended their leadership for decades. Jordan should be working on policy reforms that give more freedom to people to not have them in the pressure cooker that could explode at any moment, "says an academic at the University of Guadalajara.
In the case of North African countries, of Arab origin, such as Morocco, Algeria and Libya, also have to be worried. "The measures they can take two: hardened its measures to prevent the population had achieved the conditions Egyptians to communicate and orchestrate the opposition, or relax the measures and give them more expression so that the population does not see the need to overthrow their governments, "Lopez tops Almejo.
The so-called "people's government" has not even appeared on the old Egyptian soil after more than half a century of a people tied to dictators and autocrats who have decided to stay in power for decades without allowing the possibility of low electoral competition . In the same way as other nations of North Africa, Egypt suffered firsthand the English colonization that for more than a century (1822-1922) controlled the territory of the Pharaohs.
However, the hegemony of the United Kingdom over certain areas, such as the Suez Canal did not end until 1949. From his first steps as an independent nation, Egypt established itself as a monarchy with features and openly pro-Western nationalists. Three decades after the independence of the Egyptian Constitution, the monarchy was overthrown by a general who would become one of the most important historical icons for the North African nation: Gamal Abdel Nasser.
In 1952, Egyptian history took a radical turn. On the one hand, Nasser embraced socialism and linked to his nation with the Soviet Union at the height of the Cold War. However, the social doctrine advocated by the Egyptian leader had a mix of nationalism and Arabism, that is, believed that all Arab countries should move towards a community of nations.
In 1956, the nationalization of the strategic Suez Canal linking the Red Sea and Indian Ocean to the Mediterranean, ordered by Nasser, angered France, Britain and Israel attacked Egypt, but the peace efforts led by U.S. reached a ceasefire. Before the death of Nasser in 1970, takes over Anwar el-Sadat, who ruled Egypt until 1981 tough-based and supported in a process of modernization, as well as rapid economic development.
However, its open secularism and its relationship with Israel and the United States seen as "collaborators", meant that groups linked to the Muslim Brotherhood was murdered by an infiltration in the Army. Since that distant year of 1980, the country has run after the designs of Hosni Mubarak.
The ruler who clung to power after decades of absolute rule, was backed by Western governments because of its ability to stabilize a country. 
Vice President Omar Suleiman said a military council will take over the most populous Arab nation. For September were promised free presidential elections. The "rais" (president in Arabic) had left with his family to Sharm el Sheikh, a resort city on the Red Sea, before his resignation was announced.
The Egyptians celebrated euphorically in a carnival atmosphere in the streets, and people hugged in Tahrir Square (Liberation) in Cairo, the main focus of the protests. Others simply wept with joy. However, there are doubts about how far the army, commanded by Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, Minister of Defense veteran Mubarak is prepared to establish a democracy, especially because the outlawed Muslim Brotherhood party is one of the best forces organized.
U.S. officials familiar with the Egyptian army, sponsored by Washington, said that Tantawi, 75, has always resisted change. In a statement, the military council said it would take steps to open an interim phase and expects to meet the expectations of the people. "This is the best day of my life," said opposition activist and winner of the Nobel Prize Peace, Mohamed ElBaradei, who welcomed a transitional period of power sharing between the military and people, adding that he had in mind to run for president.
The Egyptians waved flags, threw fireworks and beat drums to celebrate this new chapter in the modern history of his country. The text messages of congratulations saturated mobile phone networks, while ordinary people were celebrating the victory of people power. Tahrir Square in Cairo, one speaker made the announcement, where hundreds of thousands broke into tears, cheered and hugged each other, singing "The people have toppled the regime." Others shouted: "Allahu Akbar" (God is great).
"I am confident the Egyptians will find answers in a peaceful, constructive and spirit of unity that has defined the past few weeks," said the U.S. president, Barack Obama. The White House view that the Egyptian army will now have to review the constitution and lift the Emergency Law. For British Prime Minister, David Cameron, the change was a precious opportunity.
And German Chancellor Angela Merkel said she shared the joy of the Egyptian people. Israel, a country with which Egypt signed the first Arab peace treaty in 1979, said he hoped that relations should remain peaceful. An increasingly bitter dispute had raised fears of violence in the country, a key U.S.
ally in a region rich in oil where the possibility of the disorder from spreading to other states shakes the West. Washington has called for a rapid transition to democracy to restore stability in Egypt, a rare Arab state that is not hostile to Israel, is the guardian of the Suez Canal linking Europe with Asia, and is a major force against militant Islam in the region .
The television channel Al Arabiya said a military statement announced the dismissal of the cabinet, the suspension of both houses of parliament and the head of the Constitutional Court will rule along with the military council. The Mexican government wished the speedy recovery of institutional life in Egypt, through a statement from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (SRE).
He hoped that soon establish a serious dialogue and inclusive to allow channel the aspirations of the population and carry out promised reforms and regain institutional life. However, the Government of Mexico expresses its regret at the loss of life during the demonstrations and offers its condolences to the families of the victims.
The first day of protest was dubbed the "Day of Wrath." Protesters rallied in several cities in a concentration called the Internet. The "Friday the anger and freedom," leaving fifty dead as a result of clashes between demonstrators and police. The authorities restrict the work of the press and close the offices of Al Jazeera television.
It held a general strike involving hundreds of thousands of Egyptians call in Tahrir Square. Mubarak announces he will not stand in the forthcoming elections, but who will lead the transition. Clashes between supporters and opponents of Mubarak causing two dead in Tahrir Square in Cairo.
Fighting continues in Cairo. At least eight people die and 15 are wounded by unknown opponents Mubarak. At least four civilians died. The UN said the death toll stands at over 300. President Hosni Mubarak is reluctant to leave the government. Egyptians demanded the president burst out in joy in Cairo, by the end of the regime that ruled the country for more than three decades.
Egypt has relevance because of its growth and financial development in recent years. Economic advancement rates have hovered around 5-6% per year making it one of the states that generates wealth more quickly, on par with South Africa and Nigeria. This economic strength has led to establish itself as the financial heart of North Africa.
Egypt has become one of the "stabilizers" since George W. Bush drew what he called the greater Middle East, the area stretching from Morocco to Afghanistan. The role of the nation of the pharaohs has certain achievements in the relationship of the Arab countries with Israel, a major conduit for intervention in this region of the United States and a buffer against the possibility that radical Islamist movements take power.
Egypt is one of the basic Islamic countries can be considered secular. The role of the Army has been instrumental in ensuring that the clergy and the radical movements away from government structures. That has allowed him to have an authoritarian system that respects and supports the West, but at the same time it has lost some dialogue with radical Islamic countries like Syria, who see in Egypt a legitimate spokesman.
Egypt is strategically positioned in North Africa, bordering the Gaza Strip burning in Palestine. The Suez Canal can make essential connections for commercial and economic life of the Mediterranean since ancient Suez Mare Nostrum joins the Red Sea and Indian Ocean. On the other hand, Egypt has troubled border nations found in the eye of international concerns: Sudan, Libya and a few miles from Cyprus.
Egypt was really like a free country in 1952 and since then has had only three presidents. The latest, Hosni Mubarak, stepped down yesterday after the weariness of the population by authoritarian regimes identified with corruption, despotism and abuse. The Egyptians turned to "soft power" to push its output.
For the scholar José de Jesús López Almejo, Department of International Studies at the University of Guadalajara (University of Guadalajara), this revolution takes up the modus operandi of Mahatma Gandhi, who lead India to independence in 1947. "This wave of Arab democratization rather than to violent coups, he turns to 'soft power', a peaceful resistance through boycotts, of economic stagnation and mass protests, "says Lopez Almejo.
In 2011, the conditions were necessary for the Egyptian people, protest and get Mubarak output. Earlier would have been impossible because, say the academics, the world powers that had not allowed. "Previously (George W.) Bush ruled the United States, who is supported right-wing and authoritarian regimes, with Barack Obama's speech changed, and therefore the international agencies and the international community in general, so there was room to support these local movements.
" Another important factor was the unity of the opposition, "understood the phrase the people united will never be defeated", and realized that it is real if it takes practice, refers López Almejo, Mubarak made it for years to divide their work well and even face opposition for him was not his target.
Processes and changes do not occur automatically and the effects are not visible in the short term. By making Hosni Mubarak left the presidency, the Egyptians met the first goal, but democracy would come gradually. "The second goal is that the Army, who was in command, must formally revoke the command of Mubarak: Dissolve cameras Parliamentary and then leave the power in the hands of the Constitutional Court, which is the legal body that certifies how judicial processes and policy changes.
" Next, continue the academic, is to convene elections in considerable time and opposition forces, as well as coordinated and patiently worked to overthrow the president, reaching agreements to institutionalize the process that leads them to decide who will be your next government. "I believe it is going to achieve democratization, but gradually, although we are at a delicate time to anticipate." After the departure of Mubarak, Mohamed ElBaradei thinks could win the presidency.
ElBaradei has been until now the opposition leader, was director of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and is recognized for his confrontations with Bush eight years ago when he announced the invasion of Iraq for weapons of mass destruction (WMD) course ElBaradei publicly denied.
In addition, he is righteous, strong, educated, loves his country and now orchestrator. However, according to the specialist in the University of Guadalajara, which is expected in Egypt is that there is a council that supported by the Constitutional Court, will determine what will be the rules of the game, "it would be safe to say that he ( ElBaradei) will automatically assume the presidency.
" In Tunisia began, and the wave continued in Egypt. "They should be very concerned, first, place the Arabs of Saudi Arabia and the thirteen monarchies, second Jordan, because they are kings and princes who have extended their leadership for decades. Jordan should be working on policy reforms that give more freedom to people to not have them in the pressure cooker that could explode at any moment, "says an academic at the University of Guadalajara.
In the case of North African countries, of Arab origin, such as Morocco, Algeria and Libya, also have to be worried. "The measures they can take two: hardened its measures to prevent the population had achieved the conditions Egyptians to communicate and orchestrate the opposition, or relax the measures and give them more expression so that the population does not see the need to overthrow their governments, "Lopez tops Almejo.
The so-called "people's government" has not even appeared on the old Egyptian soil after more than half a century of a people tied to dictators and autocrats who have decided to stay in power for decades without allowing the possibility of low electoral competition . In the same way as other nations of North Africa, Egypt suffered firsthand the English colonization that for more than a century (1822-1922) controlled the territory of the Pharaohs.
However, the hegemony of the United Kingdom over certain areas, such as the Suez Canal did not end until 1949. From his first steps as an independent nation, Egypt established itself as a monarchy with features and openly pro-Western nationalists. Three decades after the independence of the Egyptian Constitution, the monarchy was overthrown by a general who would become one of the most important historical icons for the North African nation: Gamal Abdel Nasser.
In 1952, Egyptian history took a radical turn. On the one hand, Nasser embraced socialism and linked to his nation with the Soviet Union at the height of the Cold War. However, the social doctrine advocated by the Egyptian leader had a mix of nationalism and Arabism, that is, believed that all Arab countries should move towards a community of nations.
In 1956, the nationalization of the strategic Suez Canal linking the Red Sea and Indian Ocean to the Mediterranean, ordered by Nasser, angered France, Britain and Israel attacked Egypt, but the peace efforts led by U.S. reached a ceasefire. Before the death of Nasser in 1970, takes over Anwar el-Sadat, who ruled Egypt until 1981 tough-based and supported in a process of modernization, as well as rapid economic development.
However, its open secularism and its relationship with Israel and the United States seen as "collaborators", meant that groups linked to the Muslim Brotherhood was murdered by an infiltration in the Army. Since that distant year of 1980, the country has run after the designs of Hosni Mubarak.
The ruler who clung to power after decades of absolute rule, was backed by Western governments because of its ability to stabilize a country.
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