The people want them, the government forbids them branded as extremists and radicals. West fears them. But today, amid the crisis in Egypt, the Muslim Brotherhood, the oldest Islamic organization in Egypt, are a big unknown. The Muslim Brotherhood (MB), also known as the Ikhwan (brothers in Arabic), seeking the application of Islamic law, or sharia, and currently have branches in several countries.
They are enemies of Israel and supporters of the Palestinian cause. In these days of protests, have returned to make their voices heard. However, the possibility that access to power is feared by the West, beginning with the United States and Israel. The HM were born under British rule, against which they fought.
Date then the first complaints of crimes committed in the name of Islam, according to its motto, "is the solution." Officially, HM resigned from the 1970 violence as a way to reach the Egyptian Islamic ambitions. "The mother of all Islamist movements," as defined at the time the Brothers Shadi Hamid, a Middle East expert the Brookings Doha Center, is a pragmatic group that has adapted to the times.
And his works of social support, key to the organization, they have won the sympathy of the people. It is estimated that in the decade of the 40's, the followers of the HM and numbered about two million. Currently claims to have about 20 million (the Egyptian population reaches 80 million, the estimated 2010).
Although tolerated in hiding since 1954, when accused of being behind the failed assassination attempt on President Gamal Abdel Nasser. Thousands were arrested and tortured. On October 6, 1981, Nasser's successor, Anwar el-Sadat, was assassinated. The crime was perpetrated by a radical member of HM, who branded a "traitor" to the agent to seal the peace with Israel at Camp David accords.
Sayyid Qutb is considered the ideologue of the organization. In Milestones (1964), Qutb justified and promoted use of the Jihad (Holy War) against what he called "Jahili" or companies "ignorant." The work has inspired many radical Islamic groups, including Islamic Jihad and the Al Qaeda terrorist network.
Qutb's execution in 1965, only served to become a martyr, a legend, and his ideas have served as a base for former members of HM recognized as Ayman al-Zawahiri, Osama bin Laden's second-leading Al Qaeda. Groups like Hamas, funded by the Brothers have not hesitated to use violence against Israel.
In Syria, operating under the slogan that, if caught, the punishment is death. In Algeria, the Movement of Society for Peace is related to HM, as well as the Islamic Constitutional Movement in Kuwait, considered rather as a moderate. The social fabric of the organization also has overcome borders and, at present, aid groups funded by them to operate in the United States.
The HM are funded primarily through grants-binding "of its members, channeled through social welfare institutions. It is this aid effort which has become a force so popular among the Egyptians. Politically, the organization had its best when, after introducing as independent candidates for parliamentary, 2005, was left with 20% of the seats.
Mubarak then changed the constitution and prohibited the candidates come from religious groups. Not all leaders have been radical. Mohamed al-Hudaibi, who led the group between 2002 and 2004, was known for condemning the terrorism of Al Qaeda, including S-11 attacks and Osama bin Laden.
In contrast, the current head of the movement, Mohamed Badie, although Egypt has called for a democratic and plural, is a follower of Qutb's ideas, which has raised questions about what he would do, to achieve power. The Brotherhood members made at the Assembly did not quieted the skeptics by refusing to grant more rights and freedoms to women, although experts and Samer Shehata, Georgetown University, and Joshua Statcher, British University Egypt, lawmakers say the HM is characterized by searching for "real reform the political system" and his commitment as opposing force.
That is just one of the problems of the HM. Their motives and goals are unknown. "The Ikhwan followed the path of tolerance and discovered that democracy is compatible with the notion of slow Islamization. The question is whether his commitment to democracy is merely tactical, opportunistic engagement "as they grasp power, warned Robert S.
Leiken and Steven Brooke, in an article in Foreign Affairs. In the political crisis of the past three weeks, the HM have rather chosen to maintain a low profile. Even last Friday, after the fall of Mubarak, were limited to congratulate the people for their "victory." The truth is that they are a force that is here to stay.
And Egypt's political future is inexorably linked to them. For better or for worse. Founded: In 1928 in Egypt. Top leader, Hassan al-Banna. Ideology is a political organization based in Islam. Objectives: To establish an Islamic state in Egypt based on the rejection of Western influence in the country. 
They are enemies of Israel and supporters of the Palestinian cause. In these days of protests, have returned to make their voices heard. However, the possibility that access to power is feared by the West, beginning with the United States and Israel. The HM were born under British rule, against which they fought.
Date then the first complaints of crimes committed in the name of Islam, according to its motto, "is the solution." Officially, HM resigned from the 1970 violence as a way to reach the Egyptian Islamic ambitions. "The mother of all Islamist movements," as defined at the time the Brothers Shadi Hamid, a Middle East expert the Brookings Doha Center, is a pragmatic group that has adapted to the times.
And his works of social support, key to the organization, they have won the sympathy of the people. It is estimated that in the decade of the 40's, the followers of the HM and numbered about two million. Currently claims to have about 20 million (the Egyptian population reaches 80 million, the estimated 2010).
Although tolerated in hiding since 1954, when accused of being behind the failed assassination attempt on President Gamal Abdel Nasser. Thousands were arrested and tortured. On October 6, 1981, Nasser's successor, Anwar el-Sadat, was assassinated. The crime was perpetrated by a radical member of HM, who branded a "traitor" to the agent to seal the peace with Israel at Camp David accords.
Sayyid Qutb is considered the ideologue of the organization. In Milestones (1964), Qutb justified and promoted use of the Jihad (Holy War) against what he called "Jahili" or companies "ignorant." The work has inspired many radical Islamic groups, including Islamic Jihad and the Al Qaeda terrorist network.
Qutb's execution in 1965, only served to become a martyr, a legend, and his ideas have served as a base for former members of HM recognized as Ayman al-Zawahiri, Osama bin Laden's second-leading Al Qaeda. Groups like Hamas, funded by the Brothers have not hesitated to use violence against Israel.
In Syria, operating under the slogan that, if caught, the punishment is death. In Algeria, the Movement of Society for Peace is related to HM, as well as the Islamic Constitutional Movement in Kuwait, considered rather as a moderate. The social fabric of the organization also has overcome borders and, at present, aid groups funded by them to operate in the United States.
The HM are funded primarily through grants-binding "of its members, channeled through social welfare institutions. It is this aid effort which has become a force so popular among the Egyptians. Politically, the organization had its best when, after introducing as independent candidates for parliamentary, 2005, was left with 20% of the seats.
Mubarak then changed the constitution and prohibited the candidates come from religious groups. Not all leaders have been radical. Mohamed al-Hudaibi, who led the group between 2002 and 2004, was known for condemning the terrorism of Al Qaeda, including S-11 attacks and Osama bin Laden.
In contrast, the current head of the movement, Mohamed Badie, although Egypt has called for a democratic and plural, is a follower of Qutb's ideas, which has raised questions about what he would do, to achieve power. The Brotherhood members made at the Assembly did not quieted the skeptics by refusing to grant more rights and freedoms to women, although experts and Samer Shehata, Georgetown University, and Joshua Statcher, British University Egypt, lawmakers say the HM is characterized by searching for "real reform the political system" and his commitment as opposing force.
That is just one of the problems of the HM. Their motives and goals are unknown. "The Ikhwan followed the path of tolerance and discovered that democracy is compatible with the notion of slow Islamization. The question is whether his commitment to democracy is merely tactical, opportunistic engagement "as they grasp power, warned Robert S.
Leiken and Steven Brooke, in an article in Foreign Affairs. In the political crisis of the past three weeks, the HM have rather chosen to maintain a low profile. Even last Friday, after the fall of Mubarak, were limited to congratulate the people for their "victory." The truth is that they are a force that is here to stay.
And Egypt's political future is inexorably linked to them. For better or for worse. Founded: In 1928 in Egypt. Top leader, Hassan al-Banna. Ideology is a political organization based in Islam. Objectives: To establish an Islamic state in Egypt based on the rejection of Western influence in the country.
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